A Galvo Scanner (short for Galvanometer Scanner) is a high-speed, precision-controlled mirror system used to direct laser beams for marking, engraving, welding, and medical applications. It relies on electromagnetic actuators (galvanometers) to adjust mirror angles, ensuring rapid and accurate beam positioning.

Why Choose a Galvo Scanner?

✅ Ultra-Fast Scanning – Speeds up to thousands of mm/s. ✅ High Precision – Exceptional beam placement accuracy. ✅ Compact & Efficient – Small footprint with minimal moving parts. ✅ Versatile Applications – Used in industrial, medical, and scientific fields.

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How Does a Galvo Scanner Work?

A galvanometer-based scanning system consists of:

• Galvanometer Motors – Drive the mirrors to steer the laser beam.

• Mirrors – Reflect the laser onto the target surface.

• Drive Electronics – Convert input signals into precise mirror movements.

• Control Software – Synchronizes the scanner with the laser system.

The scanner receives digital or analog signals, adjusting mirror angles to direct the laser beam precisely onto the work surface. This process enables real-time laser positioning with high repeatability and accuracy.

Feature	Galvo Scanner	Traditional XY Plotter
Speed	Ultra-fast	Slow
Precision	High	Moderate
Size	Compact	Bulky
Durability	Long-lasting	Requires maintenance

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Types of Galvo Scanners

1. 2-Axis Galvo Scanner

• Most common type for laser marking and engraving.

• Two mirrors control the X and Y movement of the laser.

• Ideal for flat surface processing.

2. 3-Axis Galvo Scanner

• Adds a third axis for depth control.

• Enables curved surface engraving.

• Used in 3D laser marking and micromachining.

3. High-Power Galvo Scanners

• Designed for industrial laser cutting.

• Supports fiber, CO₂, and UV lasers.

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Applications of Galvo Scanners

1. Laser Marking & Engraving

• Materials: Metals, plastics, glass, ceramics.

• Industries: Automotive, aerospace, medical device manufacturing.

2. 3D Laser Engraving & Micromachining

• Used for complex 3D models and high-precision micro-patterning.

3. Medical & Cosmetic Applications

• Tattoo removal, laser surgery, and dermatology treatments.

4. PCB & Semiconductor Processing

• High-speed laser cutting and drilling in electronics manufacturing.

5. Laser Welding & Cutting

• Enables ultra-fast seam welding and precision cutting.

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How to Choose the Right Galvo Scanner

1. Laser Type Compatibility

• Ensure compatibility with fiber, CO₂, or UV lasers.

2. Speed & Resolution

• Choose a scanner with the right scan speed (mm/s) and DPI resolution for your application.

3. Field of View (FOV)

• A larger FOV allows for bigger workpieces, but may reduce resolution.

4. Cooling System

• Air-cooled: Ideal for low-power applications.

• Water-cooled: Required for high-power industrial use.

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FAQs About Galvo Scanners

Q1: How fast can a galvo scanner operate?

Galvo scanners can reach speeds exceeding 10,000 mm/s, making them significantly faster than traditional CNC systems.

Q2: Can a galvo scanner work with any laser type?

No, different models are designed for fiber, CO₂, or UV lasers. Check the manufacturer’s specifications.

Q3: What is the lifespan of a galvo scanner?

With proper maintenance, high-quality galvo scanners last over 10 years.

Q4: How does a galvo scanner improve engraving precision?

By using high-resolution encoders and precise mirror control, galvo scanners deliver micron-level accuracy.

Q5: Is a galvo scanner suitable for deep engraving?

Yes, but a 3-axis galvo scanner is recommended for depth control.